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But Billie led a troubled childhood. Her mother would often
just leave her in the care of relatives and with the feeling
of shame and loneliness, Billie developed a strong inferiority
complex. She became self destructive. When Billie was six
years of age her grandmother died and the family blamed the
death on Billie's behavior. At ten she was victimized in a
violent rape. When she became older she worked at a brothel
where she cleaned the floors and ran odd jobs. It was here
that she first listened to the likes of Louis Armstrong
and Bessie Smith.
"The emotional intensity that she put into the words she
sang (particularly in later years) was...almost scary; she
often really did live the words she sang." -Scott Yanow
Despite a lack of technical training, Holiday's unique
diction, inimitable phrasing and dramatic intensity made
her the most incredible jazz singer of her time. White
gardenias, worn in her hair, became her trademark.
She joined the Count Basie band in 1937, but Basie eventually
let her go for being too "independent and temperamental".
In 1941 she married Johnie Monroe and shortly afterward
began abusing drugs. The marriage with Johnie did not last
long and she soon remarried to a trumpeter named Joe Guy.
But even with the new marriage the marital and drug abuse
continued.
McKay, similar to her other two husbands, turned out to be
abusive as well. Then while touring Europe she was arrested
again on charges of drugs. Trying to regain her life she
entered a drug rehabilitation clinic. But her drug and marital
problems continued to worsen. On the summer day of July 17, 1957
Billie Holiday's problems finally caught up with her. She died
at the early age of 44.
While her Profile surely changed often through the span of
her life, Holiday's ability to be completely absorbed by her
music have the distinct mark of Evokateur Working while her
strong need for independence and her passion indicate to us
Realist Thinking. And for the way she guarded her past and
trudged through barriers of racism I suggest Sentinel Emoting.
Whatever was behind that Sentinel appearance was the torture
that drove her to drugs and that also drove her to music.
Realist/Evokateur/Sentinel
Billie Holiday quotes:
"You can't copy anybody and end with anything. If you copy,
it means you're working without any real feeling. No two people
on earth are alike, and it's got to be that way in music or
it isn't music.
"I can't stand to sing the same song the same way two nights
in succession, let alone two years or ten years. If you can,
then it ain't music, it's close-order drill or exercise or
yodeling or something, not music."
"If I don't have friends, then I ain't nothing."
"You can be up to your boobies in white satin, with gardenias
in your hair and no sugar cane for miles, but you can still
be working on a plantation."
"Billie Holiday's voice was the voice of living intensity of
soul in the true sense of that greatly abused word. As a human
being she was sweet, sour, kind, mean, generous, profane, lovable
and impossible, and nobody who knew her expects to see anyone
quite like her again" -Leonard Feather
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